How to Choose The Best Slurry Pumps

When it comes to Slurry pumps there are many to choose from. The right one for the job is necessary if you are to get that pumping job done efficiently and quickly. OEM pumps are usually expensive, but you can reduce the costs by buying a equivalent pump from a reputable manufacture. When the worn parts have been replaced you can be assured of a pump that is going to work well for a long time.

Such pumps can be used in a variety of situations – and of course there is always that special pump needed for a specific task. Pumps are made to handle various types of conditions, but you need to ensure you get the right type to start with. For instance, there are slurry pumps that are used in mining, manufacturing and a whole host of other applications. And there are a whole host of other kinds of pumps as well.

Centrifugal pumps are probably one of the most used types of pump there are since they can be altered and modified to suit various kinds of tasks, unlike positive displacement pumps. However since all pumping jobs are different a great deal of information must be collated in order to choose the best pump for the job. Some of this information is only available from the company that is purchasing so it is not a good idea to depend solely on the seller of the pump to tell you what will be needed.

In addition, there are many things that can affect the performance of a pump, even when the right one is chosen. The piping layout with its elbows and joints, the alignment between pump and driver, the dynamic balance of the rotating components, and the likelihood of pipe clogging are just some of the factors that should be looked at.

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Slurry pumps are an often used unit in industrial processes, they perform in a manner similar to centrifugal pumps. They are usually used to maintain liquid mixtures with sound substrates in constant motion. In this way the mix doesn’t dry out and impede its running since the water is not allowed to dry out. In continuous motion the solids and water stay constantly in totally mixed state until moved to another processing level. They keep the combination of water and concrete in constant motion thus preventing it from deciding and the tangible hardening because the water dries out.

These pumps are very beneficial in making certain their state of the combination does not change before the next level is reached. They’re very useful product in that they can be used in situations. This is actually the easiest way where they can work to generate enough force to keep consitently the mixture moving. They’re also very powerful as these recipes tend to be very large to keep moving. These pumps are usually classed in three various ways, light, medium and heavy. The more solid substrate that’s involved, the more advanced a type of slurry pump that is needed.

It also means that finishing up repairs and replacing components is not that difficult, because the design is fairly easy. In professional situations all that is required is for the pump to be extracted from the liquid, or the liquid drained from the tank before maintenance work can be achieved. Slurry pumps really are a good solution where the industrial process involved is dealing with heavy liquids.

Improve Slurry Pump Working Life

1. Closed suction valve before stopping slurry pump, enough clean water should be supplied to pump all the slurry in pipeline out to avoid solid precipitated in the suction tube and volute line. Otherwise, there will be situations affect the life of the slurry pump.
(1) Can not start the slurry pump again after the solid precipitated.
(2) Start the slurry pump with heavily shake. This is mainly caused by the precipitated slurry make the impeller rotating with eccentric force.
(3) Block the pipeline if too much precipitated slurry.

2. Make sure every slurry pumps running in its range of concentration of slurry weight and maximum particle allowed. Too high concentration will cause the blocking of suction pipe or even worse to damage of slurry pump parts. Exceed the maximum allowable particle, the slurry pump impeller passage will be clogging, vibration occurs, this could damage the flow parts。

3. Avoid slurry pump running with high-pressure air duct is open
In coal preparation plant, there is usually a high-pressure air duct near the slurry tank in the suction pipeline. If running the slurry pump, with the air duct open, there will be high-pressure air in the slurry, as it is lower pressure in slurry pump suction pipe, the air will expansion in the pipeline and into the high-pressure zone after pass impeller, rushed volute liner and lining plate, resulting in increased wear and tear, or even worse in volute or liner fracture.

4. Avoid slurry pump running in lower inadequate perfusion
Coal preparation plant slurry pumps basic take perfusion installed, during normal operation, the absolute pressure will inevitably reduce in parts of the slurry suction pipe and the lowest pressure area is near the edge of the impeller suction. This lowest pressure zone with external conditions, absolute pressure difference in suction pipe, it may be lower saturated vapor pressure of the critical pressure of water, causing cavitation. The lowest pressure zone in operating is not constant, at the site dangerous pump minimum pressure, it depends on the surface of slurry in the tank and the pump suction height.

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What is a slurry pump

A slurry pump is a type of water pump intended for use in situations where solids are accidentally or intentionally suspended in water. As centrifugal pumps, slurry pumps rotate water by way of impeller. Depending on the specific application, rotation controls particulates and prevents solids from entering and causing damage or corrosion to other machinery parts. In other applications, a slurry pump is used to keep solids suspended by preventing any settling or other separation of the solids from a liquid medium. Certain compounds and other materials require suspension in water for safe transport, utilizing a slurry pump to keep compounds suspended through constant motion.
While several slurry pump designs appear in the marketplace, the basic operating principles remain the same. The pump is housed in a high pressure casing, typically in a semi-spiral shape. Inside the casing are various drive devices that turn a shaft and bearing assembly. Impellers are located along the shaft, with vanes to help create the centrifugal force needed to spin the slurry. Once the drive devices are engaged, bearings keep the shaft turning smoothly and consistently, while the impeller swirls or centrifuges the slurry.
To illustrate the effects of a slurry pump, consider a mixture of sand and water in an ordinary drinking glass. Swirl the glass at a high enough rate of speed and the sand will remain suspended in the water. Centrifugal slurry pumps operate on the same principle, although driven by belts, drives, and other mechanical components to create the high pressure centrifuge needed for large volumes of heavy slurry.
Using a slurry pump is common in certain industrial applications. For example, the mixture of water and cement forms a type of slurry that must remain in motion to prevent water evaporation and subsequent drying of the cement into concrete. Cement mixer trucks are a common example of a centrifugal slurry pump used to transport a slurry compound. Paper production is another application involving a slurry pump. Wood pulp and water are mixed and centrifuged via a pump during the production of various papers.
Different applications naturally require different centrifugal pumps. Typically, a slurry pump is intended for use as a submersible pump, since applications most often require high pressure that is best achieved when the impeller is placed in the slurry. Slurry weight determines the type, design, and capacity of slurry pump needed. Such designs are easiest divided according to light, medium, or heavy slurry weight.
Light slurry needs normally result from the accidental or unwanted introduction of particulates, such as with hard water or other solutions with less than five percent solids. The presence of large particulates, heavy concentrations of particulates, or compounds needing suspension for transport require medium or heavy slurry pumps. Particulate size and concentration percentage determine if a medium or heavy slurry pumps is required.

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Meterial A05 Analysis( High Chrome 27%)

A05 also known as High-Chrome 27% or KmTBCr27

Material Type:  Erosion resistant white iron

General Description

Alloy KmTBCr27 is a wear resistant white iron that offers excellent performance under erosive conditions. The alloy can be effectively used in a wide range of slurry types. The high wear resistance of alloy KmTBCr27 is provided by the presence of hard carbides within its microstructure. Alloy KmTBCr27 is particularly suited to applications where mild corrosion resistance, as well as erosion resistance is required.

Physical properties

Density (kg/m3)                   7500
Hardness (HBW 10/3000)  650
Tensile strength (MPa)         780
Young¡fls modulus (GPa)      220
Elongation at break (%)        0.4
Toughness (J)                        190

Chemical Resistance

Alloy KmTBCr27 is generally not suitable for highly corrosive duties. The alloy can be used in mild corrosive duties, within a pH range of 5 to 12, for silphuric and nitric acids, or sodium hydroxide applications.

Parts Availability

Most wet-end wear parts can be produced in alloy KmTBCr27. The most common parts are as follows: Impellers, Throatbush, Volute liners, Frame plate liner insert, Casings

Application Recommendations

KmTBCr27 can be used for pumping a wide range of mild corrosive slurries. The alloy gives very excellent wear life for a wide variety of particle sizes and hardness. Usually, KmTBCr27 is most cost effective for particles greater than 100um in size.

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The Leakage Analysis of Slurry Pump Packing Seal

The packing seal is the most commonly used seal type of slurry pumps, it is composed by packing ring, packing sleeve, packing, packing gland, stud bolts and nuts.

Through the packing and shaft surface contact pressure, it prevents the medium leakage to achieve the purpose of sealing. The existence of many of the small gap and the groove, making it possible to achieve necessary sealing pressure by sufficient pressing forcing the packing material into elastoplastic deformation to reduce the gap between the contact seal surface.

Since there is always a certain degree of roughness in the surface of the shaft, it is not possible with packing to achieve the desired contact, there must be a slight gap exists, thus forming numerous "labyrinth". These fine tortuous gap damping play the role of the media repeatedly throttle and the "labyrinth effect" produced by the stagnation in gap boundary layer and other factors, lead to blocking and achieve sealing.

So, the sealing effect is formed at the obstruction within the gap between the contact surface of the medium into the packing and the pump shaft.

After we know the structure of packing seal, it is easily to get the seal leakage ways:
Leakage through the interface between Packing and Static parts;
Leakage through Packing itself;
leakage through the interface between the Packing and Moving parts.

It is the same way for leakage through static packing surface and leakage type. The leakage of Packing depends on the internal structure of the sealing and penetration itself, the plaiting packing prone to this leakage.

When the infiltration of the media or the media is gas, the penetration leakage through the packing is almost inevitable, but the specific mechanism of this kind leakage will be explored further. For the vast majority of the liquid medium, the leakage mainly through the interface between the packing and the moving parts. For slurry pumps, the large size particles make it difficult to close the small gaps in shaft seal, so,

when pumping the corrosive liquids or the liquids contains corrosive slurry, it will penetrate into the packing seal, these will cause wear and corrosion of the shaft.

Especially when two kinds of materials are constituting the friction pairs in the electrolyte solution, there may occur the galvanic corrosion that is much more accelerated corrosion damage to the shaft. So, when transporting toxic, corrosive and precious liquid, due to the small amount of leakage, and even allowed no leakage, it can not use packing seal.

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10 steps for slurry pump system checking before running

slurry pump

(1) The pump should be placed on a solid foundation to bear the full weight, and tighten all the foot bolts to prevent vibration.
(2) The piping and valves should be added supports,no pressure allowed on the pump.
(3) For the Expeller seal with Gland Seal or Packing seal, run the pump with hands, the shaft should be able to drive the impeller, there should be no friction, otherwise you should adjust the impeller gap (for mechanical seal slurry pump, the impeller gap no need to be adjusted, when mechanical seal installed correctly.)
(4) Disengage the coupling, start the motor, check rotation direction, and should ensure that the pump shaft rotates the direction of the arrow marked on the pump body, to prohibit motor reverse, or the impeller will come off and cause an accident.
(5) Direct driven should make the pump shaft and motor shaft should be in line accurately, in order to avoid vibration and wear.
(6) Install removable short tube or expansion joints in the suction pipe of the pump, and its length should be sufficient to disassemble the pump cover and replacement of the wearing parts, in order to maintenance the pump easily.
(7)Expeller seal combined with packing seal should check the at leakage first . Open the seal water before starting, if the leakage amount is too large, should tighten the packing nut until the leak guttate date. After the pump working, if the leakage amount is small, and the packing heats, it should be appropriate to release the gland nut; if the packing continues to heat, stop the pump, and cool it, adjust the gland nut, relax packing, so that the leakage amount slightly increases, re-start the pump, when the packing run well with shaft sleeve together, and then adjust the gland nuts to reduce the leakage.
(8)For mechanical seal, it should be checked before starting the pump: connected mechanical seal with shaft seal water pipeline (The shaft seal water line should be cleaned up of welding slag, sediment debris, etc), starter shaft seal pump then open shaft seal water pipeline valves, manual rotation of the pump shaft, if any leakage, there should be dirt one seal faces, loosen gland bolts and clean it with water before tight up. Recheck the leakage, if no,indicating the installation is correct.
(9)Start the seal pump, seal water pressure should be higher than the pump working pressure at least 0.1Mpa, after seal water into the sealed box cavity five minutes, start slurry pump.
(10)Start the slurry pump with water if possible before pumping slurry.

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Factors of no water pumped out

1, Air in inlet pipe and the pump body:
(1) Not filled enough water before starting of the slurry pumps, sometimes water overflow from the air vent mostly, but without rotation of shaft to have air completely discharged, there will be a little air remains in the inlet pipe or slurry pump.
(2) With 0.5% or more down slope of the inlet pipe, mine pump side is a bit higher. If upturned inlet pipe, it will be retained air in, reducing the suction distance.
(3) Packing has been worn or too loose, causing a large amount of water discharged from the gap of the packing and the shaft sleeve, let the outside air into the interior of the mine pump, impacting water suction.
(4) Because of the potential long-term underwater, the pipeline maybe with wall corrosion holes, slurry surface declining with slurry pumps working, making these holes out to air, the air entering the pipeline from them.
(5) Air also can into the pipe from cracks at the inlet pipe elbow, the gap between inlet pipe and the mine pump connected.

2, The mine pump speed is too low:
(1) Human factor. Part of the user's after first motor damaged, they will random accompanied by another motor, resulting in a small flow, low head or even no slurry consequences.
(2) Mechanical factor of the mine pump itself. Mine pump mpeller and shaft fastening nut loose or shaft bending deformation, resulting in the impeller shift, direct friction with the slurry pump body, or bearing damage, both will be reduce the speed of the mine pump.
The motor is not working. Motor winding burn case the lose magnetic. The changes of winding turns, wire diameter or wiring methods when maintenance, or repair the fault does not completely also cause the pump speed changes.

3. Suction out of working range:
In some working conditions, the slurry surface is too much deeper, or the peripheral terrain is relatively flat, make it easier to ignore slurry pump suction range, resulting in suction less or simply suck nothing.

4, Too large flow resistance loss in the inlet and outlet pipe
Some times, even the pump working under the suction range, but still suck less water or even no. It cased maybe by the pipeline, too long pipe, too many valves and too many elbows make it too much loss of friction

5, Other factors
(1) The foot valve is not open. Without working for too long time, the valve gasket washer was stuck or rust.
(2) Toot valve filter is clogging.
(3) Impeller wear badly. Impeller blades wear out after long-term use impact the pump performance.
(4) The check valve failure or blockage will cause the flow reduced or even no flow.
(5) The leakage of outlet pipe will also affect flow.

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